Effect of Anti-Transmembrane Protein Antibody

PD-L1 is induced on hepatocyte floor by way of CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane domain-containing protein 6 upregulation by the anti-HBV drug Entecavir.

 

• Power hepatitis B is now controllable when handled with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), which inhibit hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication.

 

• Nonetheless, as soon as the NRTIs are discontinued, most sufferers relapse, necessitating lifelong NRTIs remedy. HBV an infection relapse is assumed to be attributable to the persistent existence of covalently closed round DNA within the nuclei of contaminated hepatocytes.

Recombinant Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173)

• The mechanism by which covalently closed round DNA-positive hepatocytes escape immune surveillance throughout NRTIs remedy stays elusive. Entecavir (ETV), a generally used NRTI, post-transcriptionally upregulates programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), an immune checkpoint molecule, on the cell floor of hepatocytes no matter HBV an infection.

 

• Upregulation by ETV is determined by upregulation of CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane domain-containing 6, a newly-identified potent regulator of PD-L1 expression on the cell floor. ETV-treated hepatic cells suppressed the exercise of major CD3 T cells and PD-1 overexpressed Jurkat cells. Lastly, ETV induces PD-L1 in major hepatocytes contaminated by HBV.

Rat Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) ELISA kit

• These outcomes present proof that ETV significantly upregulates PD-L1 on the cell floor of contaminated hepatocytes, which can be considered one of mechanisms by which contaminated hepatocytes subvert immune surveillance.

Recombinant Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173)
4-RPN011Mu01	Cloud-Clone	EUR 485.28 EUR 233.00 EUR 1544.80 EUR 581.60 EUR 1063.20 EUR 388.00 EUR 3712.00	100 ug 10ug 1 mg 200 ug 500 ug 50ug 5 mg
Description: Recombinant Mouse Transmembrane Protein 173 expressed in: E.coli

Recombinant Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173)
4-RPN011Ra01	Cloud-Clone	EUR 494.24 EUR 235.00 EUR 1578.40 EUR 592.80 EUR 1085.60 EUR 394.00 EUR 3796.00	100 ug 10ug 1 mg 200 ug 500 ug 50ug 5 mg
Description: Recombinant Rat Transmembrane Protein 173 expressed in: E.coli

Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) Antibody (FITC)
20-abx274261	Abbexa	EUR 509.00 EUR 258.00 EUR 1539.00 EUR 718.00 EUR 411.00	100 ug 10 ug 1 mg 200 ug 50 ug

Mouse Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) Protein
20-abx165931	Abbexa	EUR 676.00 EUR 286.00 EUR 2082.00 EUR 801.00 EUR 481.00	100 ug 10 ug 1 mg 200 ug 50 ug

Human Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) Protein
20-abx069447	Abbexa	EUR 648.00 EUR 272.00 EUR 1943.00 EUR 759.00 EUR 467.00	100 ug 10 ug 1 mg 200 ug 50 ug

Rat Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) Protein
20-abx069448	Abbexa	EUR 690.00 EUR 286.00 EUR 2124.00 EUR 815.00 EUR 495.00	100 ug 10 ug 1 mg 200 ug 50 ug

Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) Polyclonal Antibody (Mouse)
4-PAN011Mu01	Cloud-Clone	EUR 266.00 EUR 2813.00 EUR 694.00 EUR 337.00 EUR 222.00	100ul 10ml 1ml 200ul 20ul
Description: A Rabbit polyclonal antibody against Mouse Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173)

Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) Polyclonal Antibody (Rat)
4-PAN011Ra01	Cloud-Clone	EUR 275.00 EUR 2958.00 EUR 727.00 EUR 350.00 EUR 226.00	100ul 10ml 1ml 200ul 20ul
Description: A Rabbit polyclonal antibody against Rat Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173)

Chicken Transmembrane protein 173, TMEM173 ELISA KIT
ELI-17107c	Lifescience Market	96 Tests	EUR 928

Human Transmembrane protein 173, TMEM173 ELISA KIT
ELI-52006h	Lifescience Market	96 Tests	EUR 824

Human Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) ELISA kit
E01T0704-192T	BlueGene	192 tests	EUR 1270
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Human Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.

Human Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) ELISA kit
E01T0704-48	BlueGene	1 plate of 48 wells	EUR 520
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Human Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.

Human Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) ELISA kit
E01T0704-96	BlueGene	1 plate of 96 wells	EUR 685
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Human Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.

Mouse Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) ELISA kit
E03T0704-192T	BlueGene	192 tests	EUR 1270
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Mouse Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.

Mouse Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) ELISA kit
E03T0704-48	BlueGene	1 plate of 48 wells	EUR 520
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Mouse Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.

Mouse Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) ELISA kit
E03T0704-96	BlueGene	1 plate of 96 wells	EUR 685
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Mouse Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.

Rat Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) ELISA kit
E02T0704-192T	BlueGene	192 tests	EUR 1270
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Rat Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.

Rat Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) ELISA kit
E02T0704-48	BlueGene	1 plate of 48 wells	EUR 520
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Rat Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.

Rat Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) ELISA kit
E02T0704-96	BlueGene	1 plate of 96 wells	EUR 685
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Rat Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.

Human Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) ELISA Kit
SEN011Hu-10x96wellstestplate	Cloud-Clone	10x96-wells test plate	EUR 5189.65
Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Human Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) in Tissue homogenates, cell lysates and other biological fluids.

Human Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) ELISA Kit
SEN011Hu-1x48wellstestplate	Cloud-Clone	1x48-wells test plate	EUR 515.03
Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Human Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) in Tissue homogenates, cell lysates and other biological fluids.

Human Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) ELISA Kit
SEN011Hu-1x96wellstestplate	Cloud-Clone	1x96-wells test plate	EUR 692.9
Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Human Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) in Tissue homogenates, cell lysates and other biological fluids.

Human Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) ELISA Kit
SEN011Hu-5x96wellstestplate	Cloud-Clone	5x96-wells test plate	EUR 2818.05
Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Human Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) in Tissue homogenates, cell lysates and other biological fluids.

Human Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) ELISA Kit
4-SEN011Hu	Cloud-Clone	EUR 5240.00 EUR 2769.00 EUR 693.00	10 plates of 96 wells 5 plates of 96 wells 1 plate of 96 wells
Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the Double-antibody Sandwich method for detection of Human Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) in samples from Tissue homogenates, cell lysates and other biological fluids with no significant corss-reactivity with analogues from other species.

Goat Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) ELISA kit
E06T0704-192T	BlueGene	192 tests	EUR 1270
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Goat Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.

Goat Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) ELISA kit
E06T0704-48	BlueGene	1 plate of 48 wells	EUR 520
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Goat Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.

Goat Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) ELISA kit
E06T0704-96	BlueGene	1 plate of 96 wells	EUR 685
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Goat Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.

Dog Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) ELISA kit
E08T0704-192T	BlueGene	192 tests	EUR 1270
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Canine Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.

Dog Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) ELISA kit
E08T0704-48	BlueGene	1 plate of 48 wells	EUR 520
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Canine Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.

Dog Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) ELISA kit
E08T0704-96	BlueGene	1 plate of 96 wells	EUR 685
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Canine Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.

Porcine Transmembrane protein 173, TMEM173 ELISA KIT
ELI-39868p	Lifescience Market	96 Tests	EUR 928

Bovine Transmembrane protein 173, TMEM173 ELISA KIT
ELI-41973b	Lifescience Market	96 Tests	EUR 928

Mouse Transmembrane protein 173, Tmem173 ELISA KIT
ELI-37526m	Lifescience Market	96 Tests	EUR 865

Pig Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) ELISA kit
E07T0704-192T	BlueGene	192 tests	EUR 1270
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Porcine Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.

Pig Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) ELISA kit
E07T0704-48	BlueGene	1 plate of 48 wells	EUR 520
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Porcine Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.

Pig Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) ELISA kit
E07T0704-96	BlueGene	1 plate of 96 wells	EUR 685
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Porcine Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.

Rabbit Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) ELISA kit
E04T0704-192T	BlueGene	192 tests	EUR 1270
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Rabbit Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.

Rabbit Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) ELISA kit
E04T0704-48	BlueGene	1 plate of 48 wells	EUR 520
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Rabbit Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.

Rabbit Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) ELISA kit
E04T0704-96	BlueGene	1 plate of 96 wells	EUR 685
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Rabbit Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.

Monkey Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) ELISA kit
E09T0704-192T	BlueGene	192 tests	EUR 1270
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Monkey Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.

Monkey Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) ELISA kit
E09T0704-48	BlueGene	1 plate of 48 wells	EUR 520
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Monkey Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.

Monkey Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) ELISA kit
E09T0704-96	BlueGene	1 plate of 96 wells	EUR 685
Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Monkey Transmembrane protein 173(TMEM173) in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species.

Human Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) CLIA Kit
20-abx496082	Abbexa	EUR 8569.00 EUR 4560.00 EUR 1052.00	10 × 96 tests 5 × 96 tests 96 tests

Human Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) ELISA Kit
20-abx258669	Abbexa	EUR 7378.00 EUR 3933.00 EUR 911.00	10 × 96 tests 5 × 96 tests 96 tests

Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) Polyclonal Antibody (Human, Mouse)
4-PAN011Hu01	Cloud-Clone	EUR 261.00 EUR 2734.00 EUR 676.00 EUR 330.00 EUR 220.00	100ul 10ml 1ml 200ul 20ul
Description: A Rabbit polyclonal antibody against Human, Mouse Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173)

Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) Polyclonal Antibody (Mouse), APC
4-PAN011Mu01-APC	Cloud-Clone	EUR 374.00 EUR 3689.00 EUR 1016.00 EUR 481.00 EUR 232.00	100ul 10ml 1ml 200ul 20ul
Description: A Rabbit polyclonal antibody against Mouse Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173). This antibody is labeled with APC.

Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) Polyclonal Antibody (Mouse), Biotinylated
4-PAN011Mu01-Biotin	Cloud-Clone	EUR 332.00 EUR 2763.00 EUR 803.00 EUR 411.00 EUR 228.00	100ul 10ml 1ml 200ul 20ul
Description: A Rabbit polyclonal antibody against Mouse Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173). This antibody is labeled with Biotin.

Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) Polyclonal Antibody (Mouse), Cy3
4-PAN011Mu01-Cy3	Cloud-Clone	EUR 457.00 EUR 4877.00 EUR 1313.00 EUR 600.00 EUR 267.00	100ul 10ml 1ml 200ul 20ul
Description: A Rabbit polyclonal antibody against Mouse Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173). This antibody is labeled with Cy3.

Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) Polyclonal Antibody (Mouse), FITC
4-PAN011Mu01-FITC	Cloud-Clone	EUR 319.00 EUR 2971.00 EUR 832.00 EUR 405.00 EUR 205.00	100ul 10ml 1ml 200ul 20ul
Description: A Rabbit polyclonal antibody against Mouse Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173). This antibody is labeled with FITC.

Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) Polyclonal Antibody (Mouse), HRP
4-PAN011Mu01-HRP	Cloud-Clone	EUR 341.00 EUR 3213.00 EUR 897.00 EUR 433.00 EUR 217.00	100ul 10ml 1ml 200ul 20ul
Description: A Rabbit polyclonal antibody against Mouse Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173). This antibody is labeled with HRP.

Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) Polyclonal Antibody (Mouse), PE
4-PAN011Mu01-PE	Cloud-Clone	EUR 319.00 EUR 2971.00 EUR 832.00 EUR 405.00 EUR 205.00	100ul 10ml 1ml 200ul 20ul
Description: A Rabbit polyclonal antibody against Mouse Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173). This antibody is labeled with PE.

Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) Polyclonal Antibody (Rat), APC
4-PAN011Ra01-APC	Cloud-Clone	EUR 388.00 EUR 3887.00 EUR 1065.00 EUR 501.00 EUR 237.00	100ul 10ml 1ml 200ul 20ul
Description: A Rabbit polyclonal antibody against Rat Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173). This antibody is labeled with APC.

Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) Polyclonal Antibody (Rat), Biotinylated
4-PAN011Ra01-Biotin	Cloud-Clone	EUR 343.00 EUR 2908.00 EUR 839.00 EUR 425.00 EUR 232.00	100ul 10ml 1ml 200ul 20ul
Description: A Rabbit polyclonal antibody against Rat Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173). This antibody is labeled with Biotin.

Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) Polyclonal Antibody (Rat), Cy3
4-PAN011Ra01-Cy3	Cloud-Clone	EUR 476.00 EUR 5141.00 EUR 1379.00 EUR 626.00 EUR 275.00	100ul 10ml 1ml 200ul 20ul
Description: A Rabbit polyclonal antibody against Rat Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173). This antibody is labeled with Cy3.

Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) Polyclonal Antibody (Rat), FITC
4-PAN011Ra01-FITC	Cloud-Clone	EUR 330.00 EUR 3129.00 EUR 872.00 EUR 420.00 EUR 210.00	100ul 10ml 1ml 200ul 20ul
Description: A Rabbit polyclonal antibody against Rat Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173). This antibody is labeled with FITC.

Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) Polyclonal Antibody (Rat), HRP
4-PAN011Ra01-HRP	Cloud-Clone	EUR 353.00 EUR 3385.00 EUR 940.00 EUR 451.00 EUR 222.00	100ul 10ml 1ml 200ul 20ul
Description: A Rabbit polyclonal antibody against Rat Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173). This antibody is labeled with HRP.

 

Transmembrane Protein 173 (TMEM173) Polyclonal Antibody (Human, Mouse)

 

• The detrimental regulators within the interferon (IFN) signaling pathway inhibit intrahepatic immune response, leading to suboptimal therapeutic response to IFNα remedy in power hepatitis B (CHB) sufferers. Figuring out the important thing detrimental components and elucidating the regulating mechanism are important for bettering anti-HBV (hepatitis B virus) efficacy of IFNα.

 

• From the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, we downloaded and analyzed gene expression profiles of CHB sufferers with totally different responses to IFNα (GSE54747), and located that innate immune standing was related to the IFNα-based therapeutic response in CHB sufferers. Via PCR array, we discovered larger baseline stage of IFN-induced transmembrane protein 2 (IFITM2) mRNA and decrease baseline stage of IFNα mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of CHB sufferers with suboptimal response to IFNα remedy. Elevated IFITM2 protein was additionally discovered within the serum of IFNα nonresponsive sufferers.

Bovine Transmembrane protein 173, TMEM173 ELISA KIT

• With additional experiments, we discovered that overexpressing IFITM2 in Huh7 cells suppressed endogenous IFNα synthesis by inhibiting phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1), and interferon regulatory issue 3 (IRF3); knocking out IFITM2 enhanced activation of the endogenous IFNα synthesis pathway, exhibiting higher inhibition on HBV replication.

 

• We additionally discovered that IFITM2 protein was shuttled by exosomes to dendritic cells (DCs), the primary supply of endogenous IFNα. Exosome-mediated transport of IFITM2 inhibited synthesis of endogenous IFNα in DCs whereas the inhibitory impact was abolished when IFITM2 was knocked out. Moreover, we demonstrated that each palmitoylation inhibitor and mutation on 70/71 websites of IFITM2 protein influenced its incorporation into exosomes. Mutated IFITM2 protein elevated the impact of IFNα towards HBV.

 

• Conclusion: Exosome-mediated transport of IFITM2 to DCs inhibits IFNα pathway activation and blocks anti-HBV efficacy of exogenous IFNα. The findings present an evidence to the suboptimal response of CHB sufferers to IFNα remedy.